train
v
1 [Tn, Tn.pr]
stretch (sth) tightly by pulling 拉緊, 緊(某物)
strain a rope (to breaking-point/until it breaks) 把繩子拉緊(直到拉斷).
2 [I, It, Tn, Tnt]
make the greatest possible effort; use all one's power, energy, etc (to do sth) 竭力; 用全力(做某事)
wrestlers heaving and straining 盡力拼搏的摔交運動員
strain (one's ears) to hear a conversation 聚精會神地聽別人交談
straining to understand what she meant 努力弄懂她的意思
strain one's voice to shout 扯著嗓門叫喊.
3 [Tn] injure or weaken (esp a part of the body) by stretching too much or trying too hard 因過度伸展或用力而損傷(尤指身體某部位)
strain a muscle, one's heart 肌肉、 心肌勞損
strain one's eyes, eg by reading in a bad light 損害視力(如在微弱光線下閱讀)
strain one's voice, ie by speaking or singing too long or too loudly 喊啞嗓子(因說話或唱歌時間過長或聲音過大)
(ironic 反語) I would welcome some help but don't strain yourself! 我倒是盼著有人來幫忙--只是別累壞了你自己!
4 [Tn] (fml fig 文, 比喻) force (sth) beyond a limit of what is acceptable 竭力使(某事物)超過極限
strain the credulity of one's listeners 使聽的人難以相信
strain one's authority, rights, power, etc, ie go beyond what is allowed or reasonable 濫用權威、 權利、 權力等
Her prose strains language (ie the meaning of words) to the limits. 她的散文在語言運用上已超越了規范的極限.
5 [Tn] pass (food, etc) through a sieve, cloth, etc when separating solids from liquids 過濾(食物等)
strain the soup, vegetables 過濾湯、 蔬菜
The tea hasn't been strained, ie It is full of tea-leaves. 這茶未經過濾(未濾去茶葉).
6 (idm 習語) strain after ef`fects/an ef`fect try in a forced or unnatural way to make sth seem impressive 勉強地或造作地使某事物顯得了不起. strain at the `leash (infml 口) be eager to have the freedom to do what one wants 渴望掙脫束縛
teenagers straining at the leash to escape parental control 極力要擺脫父母控制的青少年. strain every `nerve (to do sth) try as hard as one can 盡力(做某事).
7 (phr v) strain at sth make a strenuous effort by pulling at sth 用力拉、 拖、 拽、 曳...某物
rowers straining at the oars 用力劃槳的劃船手
dogs straining at the lead 用力拖曳牽狗皮帶的狗. strain sth off (from sth) remove (eg liquid) from solid matter by using a sieve, etc 濾去(液體等)
strain off the water from the cabbage when it is cooked 烹調洋白菜時把水分濾掉.
strain n
1 [C, U]
(a) condition of being stretched or pulled tightly 拉緊; 緊; 張緊
The rope broke under the strain. 繩子拉斷了.
(b) force causing this 拉力; 張力; 引力
calculate the strains and stresses of a bridge 計算橋梁的應變和應力
What is the breaking strain of this cable? ie How much strain would break it? 這纜索的致斷拉力是多少?
2
(a) [C, U] severe demand on one's mental or physical strength, resources, abilities, etc 對智力、 體力、 財力、 能力等的嚴格要求; 負擔; 壓力
be under severe strain 處於極度緊張的狀態
beginning to feel the strain 開始感到有壓力
the strain of modern life 現代生活的壓力
Paying all the bills is a strain on my resources. 支付所有這些費用是我經濟上的一大負擔.
He finds his new job a real strain. 他覺得新的工作的確很緊張.
How do you stand (ie cope with) the strain? 你是怎樣克服這種壓力的?
(b) [U] state of anxiety, tension or exhaustion caused by this 因有壓力而產生的焦慮、 緊張或心力交瘁
suffering from mental/nervous strain 精神...