un- pref 前綴 1 (with adjs, advs and ns 與形容詞、 副詞和名詞結(jié)合) not 不; 非: unable unconsciously * untruth.2 (a) (with vs forming vs 與動(dòng)詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞) reverse or opposite of 相反; 對(duì)立: unlock undo. (b) (withns forming vs 與名詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞) remove from or deprive of 移走; 免去: unearth unmask * unhorse. un-, NOTE ON USAGE 用法 Compare the negative prefixes non-, un-, dis- and a-. 試比較含否定意義的前綴n on-、un-、 dis-、 a-. 1 Non- and un- are the most freelyadded prefixes. *non-和un-在使用上最為自由. Non-is used with nouns, adjectives and adverbs and indicates an absence of something *non-附加在名詞、 形容詞、 副詞前, 表示沒(méi)有或不存在某事物 a non-drinker 不喝酒的人 a non-stick pan 不粘底的鍋 speaking non-stop說(shuō)個(gè)不停. Un- is added to adjectives and indicates the opposite quality from the simple word *un-附加在形容詞前, 表示與原詞相反的意義 unexpected = `surprising'（沒(méi)有料到的） unwise = `foolish' （愚蠢的）. Compare non-British (`of a nationality which is not British') andun-British (`being disloyal to Britain'). 試比較non-British（非英國(guó)籍的）和un-British（不忠於英國(guó)的）. 2 In- is used with fewer words than un-, also to form opposites. *in-也用以構(gòu)成反義詞, 但能與之結(jié)合的詞較un-少些. There are variant spellings 這一前綴有幾種拼寫(xiě)形式 il- before l (illogical); im- before b, m, p (imbalance, immaterial, impossible) and ir- before r (irresponsible).*il-用於l之前（illogical）; im-用於b、 m、 p之前（imbalance、 immaterial、 impossible）; ir-用於r之前（irresponsible）. 3 Dis- is also used with verbs, adjectives and nouns to form opposites *dis-亦用於動(dòng)詞、 形容詞、 名詞之前, 構(gòu)成反義詞: dislike 不喜歡 disobedient 不服從的 * distrust 不信任. 4 A- is mostly used in formal or technical words to indicate `lacking in' or `lack of' *a-主要用在較文的詞或科技詞之前, 表示｀缺乏＇或｀無(wú)＇ amorphous (`lacking in shape') 無(wú)定形的 anarchy (`lack of rule') 無(wú)政府狀態(tài). 5 It is not possible to predict whether un-, in- or dis- is used with a particular word and the correct form must be noted and learned 一個(gè)詞的前綴究竟是用un-、 in-還是dis-是沒(méi)有固定規(guī)律可循的, 只好留心逐一記住.

不，未，缺乏，相反